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  • 1 English

    1. n собир. англичане
    2. n английский язык
    3. n английское слово, английский эквивалент
    4. n всем понятный язык

    in plain English — прямо, ясно, без обиняков

    5. n полигр. миттель
    6. a английский
    7. a относящийся к английскому языку, английский
    8. a ист. англосаксонский
    9. v переводить на английский язык

    business English — деловой язык; деловой стиль

    10. v англизировать, устраивать на английский образец
    11. v включать в словарный состав английского языка

    English-Russian base dictionary > English

  • 2 English

    ინგლისური
    some Georgian idioms cannot be rendered into English ზოგი ქართული იდიომი ინგლისურად არ ითარგმნება
    that doesn't sound English ეს ინგლისურად არ ჟღერს // ეს ინგლისურს
    an English version of 'the Knight in Panter's Skin',,ვეფხისტყაოსნის" ინგლისური თარგმანი
    an English film dubbed into Georgian ქართულ ენაზე დუბლირებული ინგლისური ფილმი
    English has borrowed many words from Latin ინგლისურმა ბევრი სიტყვა ისესხა ლათინურიდან
    you can`t appreciate English poetry ინგლისურ პოეზიას ვერ შეაფასებ
    this novel is adapted for the students of English ეს რომანი ინგლისური ენის შემსწავლელთათვისაა ადაპტირებული/გამარტივებული

    English-Georgian dictionary > English

  • 3 ESV

    1) Компьютерная техника: Expanded Service Volume
    3) Религия: English Standard Version
    4) Сокращение: earth satellite vehicle, ИСЗ
    5) Физиология: End- Systolic Volume
    7) Транспорт: Escalade Stretch Vehicle

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > ESV

  • 4 Heathcote, John

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. 7 August 1783 Duffield, Derbyshire, England
    d. 18 January 1861 Tiverton, Devonshire, England
    [br]
    English inventor of the bobbin-net lace machine.
    [br]
    Heathcote was the son of a small farmer who became blind, obliging the family to move to Long Whatton, near Loughborough, c.1790. He was apprenticed to W.Shepherd, a hosiery-machine maker, and became a frame-smith in the hosiery industry. He moved to Nottingham where he entered the employment of an excellent machine maker named Elliott. He later joined William Caldwell of Hathern, whose daughter he had married. The lace-making apparatus they patented jointly in 1804 had already been anticipated, so Heathcote turned to the problem of making pillow lace, a cottage industry in which women made lace by arranging pins stuck in a pillow in the correct pattern and winding around them thread contained on thin bobbins. He began by analysing the complicated hand-woven lace into simple warp and weft threads and found he could dispense with half the bobbins. The first machine he developed and patented, in 1808, made narrow lace an inch or so wide, but the following year he made much broader lace on an improved version. In his second patent, in 1809, he could make a type of net curtain, Brussels lace, without patterns. His machine made bobbin-net by the use of thin brass discs, between which the thread was wound. As they passed through the warp threads, which were arranged vertically, the warp threads were moved to each side in turn, so as to twist the bobbin threads round the warp threads. The bobbins were in two rows to save space, and jogged on carriages in grooves along a bar running the length of the machine. As the strength of this fabric depended upon bringing the bobbin threads diagonally across, in addition to the forward movement, the machine had to provide for a sideways movement of each bobbin every time the lengthwise course was completed. A high standard of accuracy in manufacture was essential for success. Called the "Old Loughborough", it was acknowledged to be the most complicated machine so far produced. In partnership with a man named Charles Lacy, who supplied the necessary capital, a factory was established at Loughborough that proved highly successful; however, their fifty-five frames were destroyed by Luddites in 1816. Heathcote was awarded damages of £10,000 by the county of Nottingham on the condition it was spent locally, but to avoid further interference he decided to transfer not only his machines but his entire workforce elsewhere and refused the money. In a disused woollen factory at Tiverton in Devonshire, powered by the waters of the river Exe, he built 300 frames of greater width and speed. By continually making inventions and improvements until he retired in 1843, his business flourished and he amassed a large fortune. He patented one machine for silk cocoon-reeling and another for plaiting or braiding. In 1825 he brought out two patents for the mechanical ornamentation or figuring of lace. He acquired a sound knowledge of French prior to opening a steam-powered lace factory in France. The factory proved to be a successful venture that lasted many years. In 1832 he patented a monstrous steam plough that is reputed to have cost him over £12,000 and was claimed to be the best in its day. One of its stated aims was "improved methods of draining land", which he hoped would develop agriculture in Ireland. A cable was used to haul the implement across the land. From 1832 to 1859, Heathcote represented Tiverton in Parliament and, among other benefactions, he built a school for his adopted town.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1804, with William Caldwell, British patent no. 2,788 (lace-making machine). 1808. British patent no. 3,151 (machine for making narrow lace).
    1809. British patent no. 3,216 (machine for making Brussels lace). 1813, British patent no. 3,673.
    1825, British patent no. 5,103 (mechanical ornamentation of lace). 1825, British patent no. 5,144 (mechanical ornamentation of lace).
    Further Reading
    V.Felkin, 1867, History of the Machine-wrought Hosiery and Lace Manufacture, Nottingham (provides a full account of Heathcote's early life and his inventions).
    A.Barlow, 1878, The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and by Power, London (provides more details of his later years).
    W.G.Allen, 1958 John Heathcote and His Heritage (biography).
    M.R.Lane, 1980, The Story of the Steam Plough Works, Fowlers of Leeds, London (for comments about Heathcote's steam plough).
    W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London, and C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of
    Technology, Vol. V, Oxford: Clarendon Press (both describe the lace-making machine).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Heathcote, John

  • 5 Cayley, Sir George

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 27 December 1773 Scarborough, England
    d. 15 December 1857 Brompton Hall, Yorkshire, England
    [br]
    English pioneer who laid down the basic principles of the aeroplane in 1799 and built a manned glider in 1853.
    [br]
    Cayley was born into a well-to-do Yorkshire family living at Brompton Hall. He was encouraged to study mathematics, navigation and mechanics, particularly by his mother. In 1792 he succeeded to the baronetcy and took over the daunting task of revitalizing the run-down family estate.
    The first aeronautical device made by Cayley was a copy of the toy helicopter invented by the Frenchmen Launoy and Bienvenu in 1784. Cayley's version, made in 1796, convinced him that a machine could "rise in the air by mechanical means", as he later wrote. He studied the aerodynamics of flight and broke away from the unsuccessful ornithopters of his predecessors. In 1799 he scratched two sketches on a silver disc: one side of the disc showed the aerodynamic force on a wing resolved into lift and drag, and on the other side he illustrated his idea for a fixed-wing aeroplane; this disc is preserved in the Science Museum in London. In 1804 he tested a small wing on the end of a whirling arm to measure its lifting power. This led to the world's first model glider, which consisted of a simple kite (the wing) mounted on a pole with an adjustable cruciform tail. A full-size glider followed in 1809 and this flew successfully unmanned. By 1809 Cayley had also investigated the lifting properties of cambered wings and produced a low-drag aerofoil section. His aim was to produce a powered aeroplane, but no suitable engines were available. Steam-engines were too heavy, but he experimented with a gunpowder motor and invented the hot-air engine in 1807. He published details of some of his aeronautical researches in 1809–10 and in 1816 he wrote a paper on airships. Then for a period of some twenty-five years he was so busy with other activities that he largely neglected his aeronautical researches. It was not until 1843, at the age of 70, that he really had time to pursue his quest for flight. The Mechanics' Magazine of 8 April 1843 published drawings of "Sir George Cayley's Aerial Carriage", which consisted of a helicopter design with four circular lifting rotors—which could be adjusted to become wings—and two pusher propellers. In 1849 he built a full-size triplane glider which lifted a boy off the ground for a brief hop. Then in 1852 he proposed a monoplane glider which could be launched from a balloon. Late in 1853 Cayley built his "new flyer", another monoplane glider, which carried his coachman as a reluctant passenger across a dale at Brompton, Cayley became involved in public affairs and was MP for Scarborough in 1832. He also took a leading part in local scientific activities and was co-founder of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1831 and of the Regent Street Polytechnic Institution in 1838.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    Cayley wrote a number of articles and papers, the most significant being "On aerial navigation", Nicholson's Journal of Natural Philosophy (November 1809—March 1810) (published in three numbers); and two further papers with the same title in Philosophical Magazine (1816 and 1817) (both describe semi-rigid airships).
    Further Reading
    L.Pritchard, 1961, Sir George Cayley, London (the standard work on the life of Cayley).
    C.H.Gibbs-Smith, 1962, Sir George Cayley's Aeronautics 1796–1855, London (covers his aeronautical achievements in more detail).
    —1974, "Sir George Cayley, father of aerial navigation (1773–1857)", Aeronautical Journal (Royal Aeronautical Society) (April) (an updating paper).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Cayley, Sir George

  • 6 Graham, George

    SUBJECT AREA: Horology
    [br]
    b. c.1674 Cumberland, England
    d. 16 November 1751 London, England
    [br]
    English watch-and clockmaker who invented the cylinder escapement for watches, the first successful dead-beat escapement for clocks and the mercury compensation pendulum.
    [br]
    Graham's father died soon after his birth, so he was raised by his brother. In 1688 he was apprenticed to the London clockmaker Henry Aske, and in 1695 he gained his freedom. He was employed as a journeyman by Tompion in 1696 and later married his niece. In 1711 he formed a partnership with Tompion and effectively ran the business in Tompion's declining years; he took over the business after Tompion died in 1713. In addition to his horological interests he also made scientific instruments, specializing in those for astronomical use. As a person, he was well respected and appears to have lived up to the epithet "Honest George Graham". He befriended John Harrison when he first went to London and lent him money to further his researches at a time when they might have conflicted with his own interests.
    The two common forms of escapement in use in Graham's time, the anchor escapement for clocks and the verge escapement for watches, shared the same weakness: they interfered severely with the free oscillation of the pendulum and the balance, and thus adversely affected the timekeeping. Tompion's two frictional rest escapements, the dead-beat for clocks and the horizontal for watches, had provided a partial solution by eliminating recoil (the momentary reversal of the motion of the timepiece), but they had not been successful in practice. Around 1720 Graham produced his own much improved version of the dead-beat escapement which became a standard feature of regulator clocks, at least in Britain, until its supremacy was challenged at the end of the nineteenth century by the superior accuracy of the Riefler clock. Another feature of the regulator clock owed to Graham was the mercury compensation pendulum, which he invented in 1722 and published four years later. The bob of this pendulum contained mercury, the surface of which rose or fell with changes in temperature, compensating for the concomitant variation in the length of the pendulum rod. Graham devised his mercury pendulum after he had failed to achieve compensation by means of the difference in expansion between various metals. He then turned his attention to improving Tompion's horizontal escapement, and by 1725 the cylinder escapement existed in what was virtually its final form. From the following year he fitted this escapement to all his watches, and it was also used extensively by London makers for their precision watches. It proved to be somewhat lacking in durability, but this problem was overcome later in the century by using a ruby cylinder, notably by Abraham Louis Breguet. It was revived, in a cheaper form, by the Swiss and the French in the nineteenth century and was produced in vast quantities.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1720. Master of the Clockmakers' Company 1722.
    Bibliography
    Graham contributed many papers to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, in particular "A contrivance to avoid the irregularities in a clock's motion occasion'd by the action of heat and cold upon the rod of the pendulum" (1726) 34:40–4.
    Further Reading
    Britten's Watch \& Clock Maker's Handbook Dictionary and Guide, 1978, rev. Richard Good, 16th edn, London, pp. 81, 84, 232 (for a technical description of the dead-beat and cylinder escapements and the mercury compensation pendulum).
    A.J.Turner, 1972, "The introduction of the dead-beat escapement: a new document", Antiquarian Horology 8:71.
    E.A.Battison, 1972, biography, Biographical Dictionary of Science, ed. C.C.Gillespie, Vol. V, New York, 490–2 (contains a résumé of Graham's non-horological activities).
    DV

    Biographical history of technology > Graham, George

  • 7 Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus)

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. c. 23 AD Como, Italy
    d. 25 August 79 AD near Pompeii, Italy
    [br]
    Roman encyclopedic writer on the natural world.
    [br]
    Pliny was well educated in Rome, and for ten years or so followed a military career with which he was able to combine literary work, writing especially on historical subjects. He completed his duties c. 57 AD and concentrated on writing until he resumed his official career in 69 AD with administrative duties. During this last phase he began work on his only extant work, the thirty-seven "books" of his Historia Naturalis (Natural History), each dealing with a broad subject such as astronomy, geography, mineralogy, etc. His last post was the command of the fleet based at Misenum, which came to an end when he sailed too near Vesuvius during the eruption that engulfed Pompeii and he was overcome by the fumes.
    Pliny developed an insatiable curiosity about the natural world. Unlike the Greeks, the Romans made few original contributions to scientific thought and observation, but some made careful compilations of the learning and observations of Greek scholars. The most notable and influential of these was the Historia Naturalis. To the ideas about the natural world gleaned from earlier Greek authors, he added information about natural history, mineral resources, crafts and some technological processes, such as the extraction of metals from their ores, reported to him from the corners of the Empire. He added a few observations of his own, noted during travels on his official duties. Not all the reports were reliable, and the work often presents a tangled web of fact and fable. Gibbon described it as an immense register in which the author has "deposited the discoveries, the arts, and the errors of mankind". Pliny was indefatigable in his relentless note-taking, even dictating to his secretary while dining.
    During the Dark Ages and early Middle Ages in Western Europe, Pliny's Historia Naturalis was the largest known collection of facts about the natural world and was drawn upon freely by a succession of later writers. Its influence survived the influx into Western Europe, from the twelfth century, of translations of the works of Greek and Arab scholars. After the invention of printing in the middle of the fifteenth century, Pliny was the first work on a scientific subject to be printed, in 1469. Many editions followed and it may still be consulted with profit for its insights into technical knowledge and practice in the ancient world.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    The standard Latin text with English translation is that edited by H.Rackham et al.(1942– 63, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann, 10 vols). The French version is by A.
    Ernout et al. (1947–, Belles Lettres, Paris).
    Further Reading
    The editions mentioned above include useful biographical and other details. For special aspects of Pliny, see K.C.Bailey, 1929–32, The Elder Pliny's Chapters on Chemical Subjects, London, 2 vols.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus)

  • 8 GIS

    1. свидетельство
    2. КРУ с газовой изоляцией
    3. комплектное распределительное устройство элегазовое
    4. комплектное распределительное устройство с элегазовой изоляцией
    5. глобальное информационное общество
    6. ГИС
    7. географическая информационная система (ГИС)
    8. географическая информационная система
    9. газоизолированная подстанция
    10. выключатель элегазовый
    11. выключатель с газовой изоляцией

     

    выключатель с газовой изоляцией
    —
    [А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

    Тематики

    EN

     

    выключатель элегазовый
    Выключатель газовый, контакты которого размыкаются и замыкаются в элегазе (шестифтористой сере).
    [ ГОСТ Р 52565-2006]

    EN

    sulphur hexafluoride circuit-breaker
    SF6 circuit-breaker
    a circuit-breaker in which the contacts open and close in sulphur hexafluoride
    [IEV number 441-14-31]

    FR

    disjoncteur à hexafluorure de soufre
    disjoncteur à SF6
    disjoncteur dont les contacts s'ouvrent et se ferment dans l'hexafluorure de soufre
    [IEV number 441-14-31]

    Для РУ напряжением 110 кВ и выше (вплоть до 1150 кВ) наиболее широко используются воздушные выключатели, где гашение дуги осуществляется потоком сжатого воздуха. Однако в последнее время они вытесняются элегазовыми выключателями, в которых в качестве дугогасящей среды используется электроотрицательный газ — шестифтористая сера (элегаз). Такие выключатели создаются для герметичных распределительных устройств (ГРУ), а также для наружной установки. Использование элегаза в качестве дугогасящей среды обусловлено его высокими изоляционными и дугогасящими свойствами. Это позволяет создать более совершенные выключатели с меньшим числом дугогасительных разрывов, с меньшими габаритами и более надежные в эксплуатации.
    [А. И. Афанасьев и др. Электрические аппараты высокого напряжения. - 2-е изд., доп. СПбГТУ, 2000, 503 с.]

    Тематики

    • выключатель, переключатель
    • высоковольтный аппарат, оборудование...

    EN

    DE

    FR

     

    ГИС
    Географическая информационная система
    геоинформационная система
    Информационная система, обеспечивающая сбор, хранение, обработку, доступ, отображение и распространение пространственно-координированных данных (пространственных данных). ГИС содержит данные о пространственных обьектах в форме их цифровых представлений (векторных, растровых, квадротомических и иных), включает соответствующий задачам набор функциональных возможностей ГИС, в которых реализуются операции геоинформационных технологий, или ГИС-технологий (GIS tehnology), поддерживается программным, аппаратным, информационным, нормативно-правовым, кадровым и организационным обеспечением. По территориапьному охвату различают глобальные, или планетарные ГИС (global GIS), субконтинентальные ГИС, национальные ГИС, зачастую имеющие статус государственных, региональные ГИС (regional GIS), субрегиональные ГИС и локальные, или местные ГИС (lokal GIS). ГИС различаются предметной областью информационного моделирования, к примеру, городские ГИС, или муниципальные ГИС, МГИС (urban GIS), природоохранные ГИС (environmental GIS) и т.п.; среди них особое наименование, как особо широко распространенные, получили земельные информационные системы. Проблемная ориентация ГИС определяется решаемыми в ней задачами (научными и прикладными), среди них инвентаризация ресурсов (в том числе кадастр), анализ, оценка, мониторинг, управление и ппантрование, поддержка принятия решений. Интегрированные ГИС, ИГИС (integrated GIS, IGIS) совмещают функциональные возможности ГИС и систем цифровой обработки изображений (материалов дистанционного зондирования) в единой интегрированной среде. Полимасштабные, или масштабно-независимые ГИС (multiscale GIS) основаны на множественных, или полимасштабных представпениях пространственных объектов (multiple representation, multiscale representation), обеспечивая графическое или картографическое вопроизведение данных на любом из избранных уровней масштабного ряда на основе единственного набора данных с наибольшим пространственным разрешением. Пространственно-временные ГИС (spatio-temporal GIS) оперируют пространственно-временными данными. Реализация геоинформационных проектов (GIS project), создание ГИС в широком смысле слова, включает этапы предпроектных исследований (feasibility stady), в том числе изучение требований пользователя (user requirements) и функциональных возможностей используемых программных средств ГИС, технико-экономическое обоснование, оценку соотношения "затраты/прибыль" (costs/benefits); системное проектирование ГИС (GIS designing), включая стадию пилот-проекта (pilot-project), разработку ГИС (GIS development); ее тестирование на небольшом территориальном фрагменте, или тестовом участке (test area), прототипирование, или создание опытного образца, прототипа (prototype); внедрение ГИС (GIS implementation), эксплуатацию и использование. Научные, технические, технологические и прикладные аспекты проектирования, создания и использования ГИС изучаются геоинформатикой.
    [ http://www.morepc.ru/dict/]

    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

     

    газоизолированная подстанция
    Электрическая подстанция, оборудование которой заключено в металлический кожух, заполненный изолирующим газом.
    [ ГОСТ 24291-90]

    EN

    gas insulated metal-enclosed substation
    a substation which is made up with only gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear
    [IEV number 605-02-14 ]

    FR

    poste sous enveloppe métallique à isolation gazeuse
    poste ne comportant que de l'appareillage sous enveloppe métallique à isolation gazeuse
    [IEV number 605-02-14 ]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

     

    географическая информационная система
    ГИС
    —
    [Упрощение процедур торговли: англо-русский глоссарий терминов (пересмотренное второе издание) НЬЮ-ЙОРК, ЖЕНЕВА, МОСКВА 2011 год]

    EN

    geographic information system
    GIS

    [Trade Facilitation Terms: An English - Russian Glossary (revised second edition) NEW YORK, GENEVA, MOSCOW 2456]

    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

     

    глобальное информационное общество
    —
    [Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]

    Тематики

    EN

     

    КРУ с газовой изоляцией
    —
    [Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    EN

     

    комплектное распределительное устройство с элегазовой изоляцией
    КРУЭ
    -

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    The circuit breaker forms the central element of the gas insulated switchgear.
    [Siemens]

    Силовой выключатель является основным элементом КРУЭ.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Switchgears of type 8DQ1 are metal-enclosed, gas-insulated switchgears for operating voltages up to 345 / 420 kV. They consist of individual switchgear bays.
    [Siemens]

    КРУЭ 8DQ1 представляет собой комплектное распределительное устройство в металлической оболочке с элегазовой изоляцией на напряжение до 345/420 кВ. КРУЭ состоит из отдельных ячеек.
    [Перевод Интент]

    These operating instructions are valid for the type and version of the metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear specified on the title page.
    [Siemens]

    Данный документ представляет собой Руководство по эксплуатации комплектного распределительного устройства в металлической оболочке с элегазовой изоляцией (КРУЭ) тип и исполнение которого указаны на обложке.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    • комплектное распред. устройство (КРУ)

    Синонимы

    EN

     

    комплектное распределительное устройство элегазовое
    РУ, в котором основное оборудование заключено в оболочки, заполненные элегазом (SF6), служащим изолирующей и/или дугогасящей средой.
    [ПУЭ]

    EN

    gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear
    metal-enclosed switchgear in which the insulation is obtained, at least partly, by an insulating gas other than air at atmospheric pressure
    NOTE – This term generally applies to high-voltage switchgear and controlgear
    [IEV number 441-12-05]

    FR

    appareillage sous enveloppe métallique à isolation gazeuse
    appareillage de connexion sous enveloppe métallique dans laquelle l'isolation est obtenue, au moins partiellement, par un gaz isolant autre que l'air à pression atmosphérique
    NOTE – Ce terme s'applique généralement à l'appareillage à haute tension.
    [IEV number 441-12-05]


    0403
    Рис. Siemens

    2.1.35 свидетельство: Документ, официально подтверждающий какой-либо факт, имеющий юридическое значение, либо право лица (об окончании учебного заведения).

    2.2. В настоящем руководстве применены следующие сокращения на русском языке:

    АМИС

    Автоматическая метеорологическая измерительная система

    АМРК

    Автоматизированный метеорологический радиолокационный комплекс

    АМСГ

    Авиационная метеорологическая станция (гражданская)

    АМЦ

    Авиационный метеорологический центр

    БАМД

    Банк авиационных метеорологических данных

    ВМО

    Всемирная метеорологическая организация

    ВНГО

    Высота нижней границы облаков

    ВПП

    Взлетно-посадочная полоса

    ВС

    Воздушное судно

    ВСЗП

    Всемирная система зональных прогнозов

    ВЦЗП

    Всемирный центр зональных прогнозов

    ГАМЦ

    Главный авиационный метеорологический центр

    ГИС

    Географическая информационная система

    ГОУ ИПК

    Государственное образовательное учреждение «Институт повышения квалификации»

    ГСТ

    Глобальная система телесвязи

    ГУ ГРМЦ

    Государственное учреждение «Главный радиометеорологический центр»

    ДОТ

    Дистанционные образовательные технологии

    ИТ

    Информационные технологии

    КПК

    Курсы повышения квалификации

    КРАМС

    Комплексная радиотехническая аэродромная метеорологическая станция

    МРЛ

    Метеорологический радиолокатор

    НГЭА

    Нормы годности к эксплуатации гражданских аэродромов

    НОО

    Непрерывное образование и обучение

    НПР

    Непрерывное профессиональное развитие

    ОВД

    Обслуживание воздушного движения

    ОГ

    Оперативная группа

    ОМС

    Орган метеорологического слежения

    УВД

    Управление воздушным движением

    2.3. В настоящем руководстве применены следующие сокращения на английском языке:

    AFTN

    Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network

    Авиационная фиксированная сеть электросвязи

    AIRMET

    AIRman's METeorological information

    Выпускаемая органом метеорологического слежения информация о фактическом или ожидаемом возникновении определенных явлений погоды по маршруту полета, которые могут повлиять на безопасность полетов воздушных судов на малых высотах

    ATIS

    Automatic Terminal Information Service

    Автоматическая аэродромная служба информации

    BUFR

    Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteorological date

    Двоичная универсальная форма для представления метеорологических данных

    GIS

    Geographic Information Systems

    Географическая информационная система

    GAMET

    General Aviation METeorological forecast

    Зональный прогноз, составляемый открытым текстом с сокращениями для полетов на малых высотах применительно к району полетной информации или его субрайону (подрайону) метеорологическим органом и передаваемый метеорологическим органам соседних районов полетной информации

    GRIB

    GRIdded Binary

    Бинарный код (прогностические данные метеорологических элементов в узлах регулярной сетки)

    GTS

    Global Telecommunication System

    Глобальная система телесвязи (в рамках ВМО)

    IAVW

    International Airways Volcano Watch

    Служба слежения за вулканической деятельностью на международных авиатрассах

    ICAO

    International Civil Aviation Organization

    Международная организация гражданской авиации

    ISCS

    International Satellite Communications System

    Международная спутниковая система телесвязи (обеспечивается США)

    METAR

    METeorological Aerodrome Report

    Метеорологическая сводка по аэродрому (код METAR)

    MOR

    Meteorological Optical Range

    Метеорологическая оптическая дальность

    OPMET

    Operational METeorological information

    Оперативная метеорологическая информация (данные)

    QFE

    Atmospheric pressure at the runway threshold (or at the aerodrome elevation)

    Атмосферное давление на уровне порога ВПП (или аэродрома)

    QNH

    Atmospheric pressure at the aerodrome elevation corrected to the mean sea level according to standard atmosphere

    Атмосферное давление на уровне аэродрома, приведенное к среднему уровню моря по стандартной атмосфере

    RVR

    Runway Visual Range

    Дальность видимости на ВПП

    SADIS

    SAtellite Distribution System

    Спутниковая система рассылки метеорологических данных (обеспечивается Великобританией)

    SIGMET

    SIGnificant METeorological information

    Выпускаемая органом метеорологического слежения информация о фактическом или ожидаемом возникновении определенных явлений погоды по маршруту полета, которые могут повлиять на безопасность полетов воздушных судов

    SIGWX

    SIGnificant Weather

    Особые явления погоды

    SPECI

    SPECIal report

    Специальная метеорологическая сводка (по аэродрому)

    TAF

    Terminal Aerodrome Forecast

    Прогноз по аэродрому

    TCAC

    Tropical Cyclone Aadvisory Center

    Консультативный центр по тропическим циклонам

    TREND

    TREND

    Прогноз для посадки

    VAAC

    Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

    Консультативный центр по вулканическому пеплу

    VOLMET

    Volume of meteorological information for aircraft in flight

    Объем метеорологической информации для воздушных судов, находящихся в полете

    Источник: РД 52.21.703-2008: Руководство по образованию и обучению специалистов в области авиационной метеорологии

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > GIS

См. также в других словарях:

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  • Revised Standard Version — modern translation of the Bible (in English) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • English translations of the Bible — The Bible in English Old English (pre 1066) Middle English (1066–1500) Early Modern English (1500–1800) Modern Christian (1800–) Modern Jewish (1853–) Miscellaneous This box …   Wikipedia

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